施用硫肥对几种作物与牧草产量和硫素含量的影响

为了研究不同作物的需S状况。对我国北方3种主要农作物(小麦、玉米、油菜)和牧草(苜蓿)进行了5个施硫水平(0、5、10、20和40mg·kg^-1)的盆栽试验．结果表明。增施一定量的硫肥可以提高作物生物量和产量．4种作物生物量增加5％～32％．小麦和油菜籽粒产量增加3％～20％．同时。增施硫肥可以使作物体内S素增加，但不同作物含硫量明显不同，油菜含硫量最高(0．479％～1．228％)。玉米含硫量最低(0．043％～0．091％)．同一作物不同部位含硫量不同。但同一作物不同部位含硫量呈显著的线性正相关．如油菜I、油菜Ⅱ和小麦植株与其种子含硫量的相关性都达极显著水平，R2值分别为0．399、0．654和0．547(n=15)．作物生物量、产量与施硫量相关性除苜蓿外．都达显著或极显著水平；作物生物量、产量与作物体内硫素含量除苜蓿外也显著或极显著相关；作物从土壤中吸收的S开始时随土壤的有效硫增加而增加，但达到一定程度时。随着有效硫的增加吸收的S略有下降．

Effect of sulfur fertilization on yield production and sulfur content of crops and pasture in north China

Pot experiment on 3 crops (wheat, corn, oilseed rape) and a pasture (clover) under 5 levels (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg.kg-1) of sulfur (S) was carried out to study S application on yield production, S contents and their relationship of these crops. The results showed that under S application, the biomass of four plants increased by 5-32%, and the grain yield increased by 3-20%. The contents of S varied with different corps, for example, the content of S in the oilseed rape was the highest (0.479-1.228%), and that in corn was the lowest (only 0.043-0.091%). The contents of S in different plant parts of the same crop had a positive correlation with content of S application. Both the biomass and grain yield for all the crops except the clover had a close correlation with the content of S application. With available S in the soils increased, the amount of S absorbed by crops was increased at the beginning, and then decreased after reached the peak.