扶桑绵粉蚧及其蜜露对红火蚁的召集作用

为了明确扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley及其蜜露对红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren的召集作用，利用双向选择诱集装置测定了扶桑绵粉蚧雌成虫及其分泌蜜露对红火蚁工蚁的诱集数量动态。结果表明：（1）蜜露对红火蚁工蚁具有强烈的召集作用，不管扶桑绵粉蚧存在与否，均可在10~20 min出现觅食工蚁的数量高峰，之后随着蜜露量减少，觅食工蚁诱集数量也逐渐降低，明显高于对照；（2）仅有扶桑绵粉蚧雌成虫存在时，红火蚁觅食工蚁数量呈现逐渐增加的趋势，50 min才达到数量高峰，之后无明显下降趋势；（3）对比蜜露和雌成虫对红火蚁工蚁的诱集结果发现，蜜露对红火蚁工蚁的召集作用明显较强，10 min即可出现91.50头的觅食工蚁数量高峰，而雌成虫对红火蚁的诱集量较低，诱集高峰出现在42 min，诱集量仅为39.17头。因此，扶桑绵粉蚧及其蜜露均对红火蚁工蚁具有一定的召集作用，蜜露的召集作用明显较强，而雌成虫的召集作用较为稳定，未随着时间延长出现明显下降。

Recruitment effect of female adult individuals and honeydew of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley to the workers of Solenopsis invicta Buren

In order to clarify the recruitment effect of female adult and honeydew of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley to red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren, the dynamics of captured worker of S. invicta attracted by female adult individuals and honeydew of P. solenopsis were measured using a man-made bidirectional choice device. The results were as follows: (1) Honeydew secreted by P. solenopsis had a strong recruitment to the fire ant workers. Highest density of the fire ant foraging workers appeared in 10~20 minutes regardless of the absence or presence of mealybug. Then the captured number of fire ant workers decreased gradually as the amount of honeydew shrank, significantly higher than that of the control. (2) When only the female adult of mealybug existed, population quantity of the fire ant foraging workers showed gradually increasing trend, and reached a quantity peak at 50 minutes, with no significant downward trend. (3) Compared with female adult of P. solenopsis, honeydew was an important factor to attract fire ant to feed. The captured quantity peak of 91.50 fire ant worker individuals attracted by honeydew appeared at 10 minutes, while the peak of 39.17 fire ant worker individuals attracted by mealybug appeared at 42 minutes. Therefore, both female adult and honeydew of P. solenopsis showed obvious recruitment to fire ant workers. Honeydew had a significantly strong recruitment to the fire ant workers at first, while the recruitment of mealybug female adult was relatively stable and did not show the descent tendency over time.