尼日利亚不同区域黑猩猩社群的栖息地比较

研究了尼日利亚三处黑猩猩群落的生境结构,并利用点中心四分样方法评估了植被。共记录了38科150种植物,其中位于尼日利亚东北部的Gashaka Gumti国立公园Kwano栖息地(A区)有28科70种、位于尼日利亚东南部的Cross Rivers国立公园Butatong区域(B区)有36科120种、位于尼日利亚西南部的Ise森林保护区(C区)有30科92种。23科(60.53%)34种植物(22.67%)为三个区域的共有种,包括Afzelia africana、Drypetesgilgiana、Blighia sapida、Brachystegia eurycoma、Tetrapleuratetraptera等。在所有区域,对黑猩猩重要的科包括夹竹桃科(羊角棉Alstonia boonei、Picralima nitida)、含羞草亚科(腺瘤豆Piptadeniastrumafricanum、Tetrapleuratetraptera)、云实亚科(Brachystegiaspp.、Daniellia ogea)、桑科(非洲毒箭木Antiaris africana、Bosqueia angolensis、Ficusspp.)和梧桐科(Colaspp.、Sterculiaspp.)。在所有区域中,1m-10m高的树木是最常见的,胸径分布为B区最高,次之为C区,A区最低。结果表明,在尼日利亚的黑猩猩生境中具有重要的关键性植物,植物的垂直分层结构是尼日利亚黑猩猩生境管理的重要方面。

Habitat structure of chimpanzee communities in Nigeria: a com-parison of sites

Habitat structure of chimpanzee communities was studied in three sites across Nigeria.The Point-Center Quarter(PCQ)method was used to assess vegetation in all the sites.A total of 150 species of plants in 38 families were recorded in all the sites.Seventy species in 28 families were recorded at site A,Kwano chimpanzee community in Gashaka Gumti National Park Northeast Nigeria.One hundred and twenty species in 36 families were recorded at site B,Butatong chimpanzee community in Okwango Division of Cross Rivers National Park Southeast Nigeria while 92 species in 30 families were recorded at site C,Ise Forest Reserve Southwest Nigeria.Thirty-four species(22.67%)were common to all sites;these include Afzelia africana,Drypetes gilgiana,Blighia sapida,Brachystegia eurycoma and Tetrapleura tetraptera.Twenty-three families(60.53%)are common to all study sites.The families Apocynaceae(Alstonia boonei and Picralima nitida),Mimosoideae(Piptadeniastrum africanum and Tetrapleura tetraptera),Caesalpinioideae(Brachystegia spp.and Daniellia ogea),Moraceae(Antiaris africana,Bosqueia angolensis and Ficus spp.)and Sterculiaceae(Cola spp.and Sterculia spp.)are important to chimpanzees in all the sites.Trees in the height class 1 m-10 m were the most abundant in all study sites.Girth size distribution was highest in site B followed by site C,and least at site A.These results suggest that there are key families of plants that are very important in chimpanzee habitats in Nigeria.There are also indications that vertical stratification of plants might be an area of concern in the management of chimpanzee habitats in Nigeria.