A mapping and evolutionary study of porcine sex chromosome gene |
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Authors: | Claire R Quilter Sarah C Blott Alan J Mileham Nabeel A Affara Carole A Sargent Darren K Griffin |
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Institution: | (1) Human Molecular Genetics Group, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK, GB;(2) Department of Biological Sciences, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, UK, GB;(3) Sygen International, 2929 7th Street, Suite 130, Berkeley, California 94710, USA, US |
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Abstract: | A combination of FISH and RH mapping was used to study the evolution of sex chromosome genes in the pig. In total, 19 genes
were identified, including 3 PAR genes (STS, KAL, PRK). The gene order of the porcine X Chromosome (Chr) closely resembled
the human X Chr (PRK/STS/KAL–AMELX–EIF2s3X/ZFX–USP9X–DBX–SMCX), suggesting that the porcine X has undergone very little rearrangement
during evolution. For the porcine Y Chr, two linkage groups of 10 NRY genes were found, and the following order was established:
Ypter–(AMELY–EIF2S3Y/ZFY–USP9Y–DBY/UTY)–(TSPY–SMCY–UBE1Y–SRY)–CEN. This gene order showed greater conservation with the murine
Y than with the human Y Chr. In addition, all porcine Y Chr genes mapped to Yp, which is similar to the mouse and included
EIF2s3Y and UBE1Y, which are not present in humans. Interestingly, complete conservation of X/Y homologous gene order was
found between the pig X and Y Chrs, indicating that the porcine Y Chr has not undergone extensive reorganisation with respect
to the X. This suggests that the order of the X/Y homologous genes of the porcine X and Y Chrs may closely resemble the ancestral
gene order of the eutherian sex chromosomes. |
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