Aerobic cometabolism of chloroform by butane-grown microorganisms: long-term monitoring of depletion rates and isolation of a high-performing strain |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Dario?FrascariEmail author Arianna?Zannoni Stefano?Fedi Youry?Pii Davide?Zannoni Davide?Pinelli Massimo?Nocentini |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical and Mining Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 34, 40131 Bologna, Italy;(2) Department of Evolutionary and Experimental Biology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy |
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Abstract: | The focus of this microcosm study was to monitor the performances of 17 butane-utilizing microcosms during a long-term (100–250 days) aerobic cometabolic depletion of chloroform (CF). The depletion of the contaminant began after a lag-time variable between 0 and 23 days. All microcosms quickly reached a pseudo steady-state condition, in terms of biomass concentration (with an average of 9.3 × 106 CFU ml–1), chloroform depletion rate (5 mol l–1 d–1) and butane utilization rate (730 mol l–1 d–1). After about 100 days of CF depletion, a sudden 5- to 7-fold increase of the chloroform rate was observed in two microcosms, where the highest amount of contaminant had been depleted. In one of these high-performing microcosms, an experiment of chloroform depletion in the absence of butane resulted in the depletion of a surprisingly high amount of contaminant (765 molCF kgdry soil–1 in 2 months) and in a marked selection of a single bacterial strain. Bioaugmentation assays conducted with the biomass selected in this microcosm and with a pure culture of the selected strain immediately resulted in very high chloroform depletion rates. Preliminary results of a study conducted with resting cells of the selected strain indicated that it can degrade chloroform concentrations up to 119 M (14.2 mg l–1) without any sign of substrate toxicity, and that it is able to transform vinyl chloride and 1,1,2-trichloroethane. |
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Keywords: | aerobic cometabolism bioaugmentation bioremediation butane chloroform microbial consortium |
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