15种蹄盖蕨科植物叶表皮形态特征的研究

利用光学显微镜对蹄盖蕨科15种植物的叶表皮形态特征进行观察和研究。结果表明:蹄盖蕨科15种植物的上、下表皮细胞均为无规则型,垂周壁为凹凸状或深波状;上表皮细胞长宽比在1.0~3.2之间,下表皮细胞长宽比在1.0~2.6之间;在这15种植物中共观察到6种气孔器类型,即极细胞型、腋下细胞型、聚合极细胞型、聚腋下细胞型、无规则四细胞型和无规则型,每种植物具有3~4种气孔器类型,气孔均为下生型,多呈椭圆形。气孔的长宽比在1.3~2.1之间;气孔密度在32~90个/mm2之间;气孔指数为17.7%~40.9%。依据上述叶表皮形态特征将15种蹄盖蕨科植物分为3类,即双盖蕨类、蹄盖蕨类和对囊蕨类。该研究在一定程度上支持Christenhusz分类系统对蹄盖蕨科的划分,为蹄盖蕨科植物的系统分类及演化研究提供基础资料。

Morphological Features of Leaf Epidermis of Fifteen Athyriaceae Species

The epidermal morphology of fifteen species of Athyriaceae was investigated under light microscope. The results indicated that: epidermal cells of fifteen species of Athyriaceae are irregular, with concave convex or sinuate anticlinal walls. The length to width ratio of upper epidermal cells was between 1.0-3.2, and the length and width ratio of lower epidermal cells was between 1.0-2.6.In these 15 kinds of plants, 6 types of stomatal apparatus were observed, Polocytic type, Axillocytic type, Copolocytic type, Coaxillocytic type, Anomotetracytic type and Anomocytic type. Each plant has three to four types of stomatal apparatus, all the stomatal apparatuses occur in the lower epidermis, and most of them are elliptical. Stomatal length to width ratio was between 1.3-2.1; the stomatal density was 32-90/mm², and the stomatal index was 17.7%-40.9%. On the basis of the leaf epidermis morphology, 15 species of Athyriaceae can be divided into three categories, Diplazium, Athyrium, Deparia. According to the results of leaf epidermal morphology, the classification system of Christenhusz was supported to a certain extent. This study provided basic data for the classification and evolution of the species of Athyriaceae.