The importance of phenology for the evaluation of impact of climate change on growth of boreal, temperate and Mediterranean forests ecosystems: an overview |
| |
Authors: | K Kramer I Leinonen D Loustau |
| |
Institution: | (1) Alterra, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands Tel.: +31-317-477770, Fax: +31-317-424988, NL;(2) Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie et Nutrition INRA – Unite de Recherches Forestières, F-33611, BP 45 Gazinet, France, FR |
| |
Abstract: | An overview is presented of the phenological models relevant for boreal coniferous, temperate-zone deciduous and Mediterranean
coniferous forest ecosystems. The phenology of the boreal forests is mainly driven by temperature, affecting the timing of
the start of the growing season and thereby its duration, and the level of frost hardiness and thereby the reduction of foliage
area and photosynthetic capacity by severe frost events. The phenology of temperate-zone forests is also mainly driven by
temperature. Since temperate-zone forests are mostly mixed-species deciduous forests, differences in phenological response
may affect competition between tree species. The phenology of Mediterranean coniferous forests is mainly driven by water availability,
affecting the development of leaf area, rather than the timing of phenological events. These phenological models were subsequently
coupled to the process-based forest model FORGRO to evaluate the effect of different climate change scenarios on growth. The
results indicate that the phenology of each of the forest types significantly affects the growth response to a given climate
change scenario. The absolute responses presented in this study should, however, be used with caution as there are still uncertainties
in the phenological models, the growth models, the parameter values obtained and the climate change scenarios used. Future
research should attempt to reduce these uncertainties. It is recommended that phenological models that describe the mechanisms
by which seasonality in climatic drivers affects the phenological aspects of trees should be developed and carefully tested.
Only by using such models may we make an assessment of the impact of climate change on the functioning and productivity of
different forest ecosystems.
Received: 21 October 1999 / Revised: 10 May 2000 / Accepted: 10 May 2000 |
| |
Keywords: | Annual cycle Climate change scenarios Frost hardiness Growth Forest growth model Photosynthetic capacity Competition Water availability |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|