耐盐硫氧化菌的筛选、鉴定及脱硫性能研究

【目的】从典型自然环境中筛选耐盐高效硫氧化菌，研究其生长特性，并进行初步脱硫实验。【方法】以硫代硫酸钠为唯一能源底物的培养基富集脱硫菌，经过3次平板划线培养、纯种分离后得到纯种培养。经过革兰氏染色、平板菌落形态观察及形态学特征研究，并结合16S rRNA基因序列分析及分子系统发育树的构建结果，确定菌株的种类。【结果】从上海外高桥某发电厂冷却水池中筛选分离出一株硫代硫酸盐去除率高、耐盐性较强的细菌，命名为CYJN-1。该菌为革兰氏阴性菌，短杆状，鉴定为那不勒斯菌(Halothiobacillus neapolitanus)。H. neapolitanus CYJN-1具有较强适应盐度变化的能力，菌株生长的盐度范围为0?5% (NaCI，质量体积比)。菌株最适生长条件为：温度30 °C、pH 7.0、底物浓度为20 g/L。在此条件下，该菌对硫代硫酸钠的去除率可达98%。【结论】H. neapolitanus CYJN-1耐盐性较强，硫代硫酸盐去除率高，在生物脱硫、生物冶金等领域都具有潜在的应用前景。

Isolation, identification and biodesufurization performance research of salt-tolerant sulfur oxidizing bacteria

Objective] Screening the typical, efficient desulfurization bacteria from the natural environment, exploring the growth characterization of the bacteria and conducting the preliminary desulfurization experiments. Methods] The medium with sodium thiosulfate as the sole energy substrate was used to enrich desulfurization bacteria, and the pure strain was obtained after being streak plate culture and pure strain isolation for three times. Identifying the species of the strain by a variety of methods of Gram staining, plate colony morphologic observation, morphological characteristics research, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and the constructed molecular phylogenetic tree. Results] Isolating a strain of efficient removal of thiosulphate bacteria, named CYJN-1 from the cooling water pool of Shanghai Waigaoqiao power station. The strain was Gram-negative bacteria, short rod and identified as Halothiobacillus neapolitanus (H. neapolitanus) bacteria. H. neapolitanus CYJN-1 had a strong adaptability to the changes of salinity, the salinity range for the growth of this bacteria was 0?5% (NaCl, W/V). Determine the optimum culture conditions strains: temperature 30 °C, pH 7.0, substrate concentration of 20 g/L. Under these conditions, the strain of sodium thiosulfate removal up to 98%. Conclusion] Based on the high haloduric ability and the high ability of removal rate of the sodium thiosulfate, the CYJN-1 strain is of potential in the fields of biological desulfurization and biological metallurgy.