Tissue distribution and subcellular localization of carbonic anhydrase in mature soybean root nodules indicates a role in CO2 diffusion |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece;2. John Innes Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK;1. Wageningen Food Safety Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, the Netherlands;2. Scientific Committee and Emerging Risks Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, Parma, 43124, Italy;3. Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy;1. Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan;2. Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan;3. Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita-14-jo, Nishi-5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan;1. Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT 06340, USA;2. J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA;1. Department of Biological Products, The Government Pharmaceutical Organization (GPO), Bangkok, Thailand;2. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand |
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| Abstract: | Tissue distribution of carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC; EC 4.1.1.31) was examined in developing soybean (Glycine max) nodules using an immunohistological approach. The data obtained indicate that in young nodules both CA and PEPC proteins are present in the parenchymatous cells, and at much lower levels, in the central nodular region. In mature nodules, high levels of CA were exclusively present in 2-3 cell layers of the inner cortical region, whereas high levels of PEPC were present both in infected and uninfected cells. Immunogold localization indicated that, in mature nodules, CA was localized in the cytoplasm of the inner cortical cells and the cell walls of the endodermal cells. These results considered together suggest that in mature nodules, CA may facilitate the diffusion of the excessive CO2, derived from the respired bacteroids, in the rhizosphere. The distribution of CA was examined in mature nodules of soybean, grown hydroponically, in either limiting or non-limiting phosphate concentrations. The data indicated that in plants growing on non-limiting phosphate concentrations, an additional strong signal was found in cortical cells surrounding the nodule vascular bundles. |
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