Cadmium-stress in white lupin: effects on nodule structure and functioning |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;2. Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran;3. Computer Science and Informatics Department, EMORY University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA;4. Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;5. Environmental and Occupational Hazards control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;6. Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.;1. Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany;2. Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany;3. Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Cadmium effects on nodule structure and changes in organic and amino acids, proteins, nutrients and some stress indicators were studied in nodules of white lupin (Lupinus albus L., cv. Multolupa). Plants were grown hydroponically on perlite for 49 d with (18 μM) or without Cd in the nutrient solution. Cadmium-treated plants showed decreases in leaf chlorophyll and shoot sucrose concentrations, but sucrose did not change in nodules. Cadmium application produced alterations in nodule cortex and infected zone structure. Furthermore, Cd supply caused a marked decrease in P, K, leghemoglobin, N–amino compounds, malate, succinate and soluble protein in the nodules. Conversely, the levels of lipid peroxidation and total thiols increased strongly. Results obtained suggest that white lupin nodules are Cd sensitive, in spite of Cd sequestering by cell walls and thiols. The main phytotoxic effects of Cd on nodule structure and function were the occlusion with glycoprotein of intracellular spaces of nodule cortex, alterations in symbiosomes, enrichment in Cd of cell walls and oxidative stress. Glycoprotein accumulation and leghemoglobin depletion may be considered useful indicators of Cd stress in white lupin nodules. |
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