中亚热带湿地松(Pinus elliottii)人工林生长过程

基于树干解析和树轮分析,结合野外调查,揭示了我国主要外来树种--湿地松(Pinus elliottii)的生长规律,从而为人工林经营管理和生态系统服务功能评估提供了依据。2005年调查了1948年江西吉安青原山引种后存留的564株湿地松(1954 1958年生)。胸径(DBH, diameter at breast height)平均值为34.2 cm(18.4-58cm),树高平均值为19.5 m(9-33m)。青原山湿地松树轮分析结果显示:52年间,年树轮宽度增长量平均值为0.32 cm,最大年增长量不超过1.14 cm。胸径年生长量总体上呈下降趋势,直径生长高峰出现在10a左右;林龄达到20a左右时,直径年生长量开始下降;林龄40a后,生长变得极为缓慢。距青原山西南100km的千烟洲湿地松林(20年生)胸径和树高平均值分别为15.9 cm和11.0 m;20a的胸径生长量平均值为0.86 cm;材积方程为V= 0.0000213 D^2.9870924(V为带皮材积,D为胸径)。千烟洲湿地松林生物量低于同期营造的马尾松(Pinus massoniana)林生物量,也明显低于中亚热带地带性植被樟树(Cinnamomum camphora)林的生物量。经比较发现,引种营造的湿地松林,其生长量远不如原产地美国佛罗里达州湿地松林。

The growth pattern of Pinus elliottii plantation in central subtropical China

Based on tree ring measurement, stem analysis and stand investigation, the growth pattern of slash pine (Pinus elliottii), one of the most common exotic tree species in southern China, was examined in this study for improving the plantation management and forest ecosystem service evaluation. Slash pine was introduced to the Qingyuan mountains, Ji'an city in Jiangxi province as early as in 1948, where the mean DBH (diameter at breast height) and tree height were 34.2 (ranged from 18.4 to 58 cm) and 19.5 m (ranged: from 9 to 33m), respectively, in 2005. In the past 50 years, tree ring width increased about 0.34 cm per year, while the largest annual increment was no more than 1.14 cm. Generally, the diameter growth experienced a decreasing trend and showed fast growth rate in the first 20 years with the maximum growth rate appeared at about 10 years old. The trees grow extremely slow when the forest exceeded 40 years old. At the Qianyanzhou Ecological Station, located approximately 100 km southwest of the Qingyuan mountain, the average height and DBH of slash pine are 11 m and 15.9 cm, respectively, with an annul DBH increment of 0.86 cm at the age of 20 years. Compared with native species, the biomass of slash pine forest was lower than that of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) forest of the same age at Qianyanzhou station, and it was also significantly lower than that of Cinnamomum camphora growing in Hunan province. The While in the original place of slash pine, in Florida of America, The growth rate and carbon sequestration ability in subtropical China were apparently lower than those in Florida, USA, the original place of slash pine, where it is considered as the most suitable area for slash pine growth.