Increased Calpain Expression Is Associated with Apoptosis in Rat Spinal Cord Injury: Calpain Inhibitor Provides Neuroprotection |
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Authors: | Ray Swapan K Matzelle Denise D Wilford Gloria G Hogan Edward L Banik Naren L |
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Institution: | Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA. |
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Abstract: | Calpain content was investigated in the lesion of rat spinal cord at 1, 4, 24, and 72 h following injury induced by the weight-drop (40 g-cm force) technique. Calpain content was increased in the lesion, and was highest at 24 h following injury. microCalpain mRNA level in the lesion was increased by 58.4% (p = 0.0135) at 24 h following trauma, compared to sham. Alterations in mRNA expression in the lesion increased bax/bcl-2 ratio by 20.8% (p = 0.0395) at this time point, indicating a commitment to apoptosis. Therapeutic effect of the calpain inhibitor E-64-d (1 mg/kg) was studied in SCI rats following administration for 24 h. Internucleosomal DNA fragmentation (apoptosis) was observed in SCI rats, but not in sham or E-64-d treated rats. These results indicate a new information that E-64-d has the therapeutic potential for inhibiting apoptosis in SCI. |
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