肠黏膜屏障与肠道菌群的相互关系

摘要：人类肠道中微生物群与肠道环境相互作用以维持机体健康。肠黏膜屏障主要由黏液层、肠道菌群、肠道免疫系统和肠上皮细胞本身的完整性等构成。肠道作为直接与大量菌群接触的器官，其屏障功能在肠道健康中的作用尤为显著。肠道菌群与肠道屏障相互作用，保持肠道菌群与肠道屏障相对稳定，肠道菌群参与肠道免疫反应的建立，共同建立机体天然防御系统，在保持肠道免疫的动态平衡中具有重要作用。当两者之间的平衡被打破时，可诱发功能性胃肠病（如肠易激综合征）及免疫相关性疾病（如炎症性肠病）。本文主要阐述肠黏膜屏障与肠道菌群之间的相互关系以及与肠道屏障功能障碍相关的肠道疾病。

The relationship between intestinal mucosal barrier and intestinal microflora

Abstract: Interactions between the microbial community in human gut and the intestinal environment help to maintain the health of the body. Intestinal mucosal barrier is mainly composed of the mucous layer, gut microbiota, intestinal immune system and the integrity of intestinal epithelial cells and so on. Intestinal tract is an organ in direct contact with a large number of bacteria, and its barrier function is especially significant for intestinal health. The interaction between gut microbiota and intestinal barrier keeps the intestinal flora and intestinal barrier relatively stable. Gut microbiota take part in the establishment of the intestinal immune response and establishes natural defense system, which plays an important role in maintaining the dynamic balance of intestinal immunity. When the balance between the two is broken, functional gastrointestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome, and immune-related diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, may be induced. This review mainly discusses the relationship between intestinal mucosal barrier and intestinal flora and intestinal diseases related to intestinal barrier dysfunction.