“海蜇-缢蛏-牙鲆-对虾”混养池塘悬浮颗粒物结构及其有机碳库储量

为了阐明"海蜇-缢蛏-牙鲆-中国对虾"混养池塘生态系统的结构和功能特征,并为不同养殖模式的碳循环研究和发展低碳渔业提供参考,于2013年5—10月对辽宁丹东东港地区(N 39°51';E 124°09')两个该种混养池塘的悬浮颗粒物结构及其有机碳储量进行了研究。结果表明,两个实验池塘总悬浮颗粒物含量分别为(67.12±6.03)mg/L和(70.05±7.63)mg/L,其中无机悬浮颗粒物占总悬浮颗粒物的72.57%和75.49%;有机悬浮颗粒物占总悬浮颗粒物的27.43%和24.51%。有机悬浮颗粒物中,腐质及细菌占总悬浮颗粒物的27.15%和24.20%;浮游植物干重占0.15%和0.22%;浮游动物干重占0.13%和0.09%。两个实验池塘悬浮颗粒物中的总有机碳(TOC)含量分别为(7.31±1.51)mg/L和(6.42±1.31)mg/L;其中溶解有机碳(DOC)占总有机碳的76.33%和70.56%;颗粒有机碳(POC)占总有机碳的23.67%和29.44%;细菌碳占总有机碳的7.96%和7.18%;腐质碳占总有机碳的14.70%和20.90%;浮游植物碳占总有机碳的0.56%和0.95%;浮游动物碳占总有机碳的0.45%和0.41%。实验池塘中总悬浮颗粒物含量相对较高,其中无机悬浮颗粒物是主要的组成部分;细菌和腐质是有机悬浮颗粒物主要的组成部分,说明腐质链在该种养殖生态系统的物质循环和能量流动中起主要作用。

Structure of suspended particles andorganic carbon storage in jellyfish-shellfish-fish-prawn polyculture ponds

The structure of suspended particles and organic carbon storage in jellyfish-shellfish-fish-prawncultured ponds were investigated, with the goal of clarifying the characteristics of the ecological structure and function of polyculture ponds, as well as providing baseline data of the carbon cycle under different culture models to facilitate development of low-carbon fisheries. The experiments were carried out in two Rhopilema esculentum-Sinonovacula constricta-Paralichthys olivaceus-Fenneropenaeus chinensis polyculture ponds (latitude 39°51'' N; longitude 124°09'' E) in Donggang, Liaoning province from May to October 2013. The concentration of total suspended particles was (67.12±6.03) mg/L and (70.05±7.63) mg/L in the two experimental ponds. Of the total suspended particles, the percentage of inorganic suspended particles was 72.57% and 75.49%, and the percentage of organic suspended particles was 27.43% and 24.51% in the two ponds. The percentages of dry weight of bacteria and detritus, phytoplankton, and zooplankton of the total suspended particle matter were 27.15% and 24.20%, 0.15% and 0.22%, and 0.13% and 0.09%, respectively. The mean concentration of total organic carbon (TOC) was (7.31±1.51) mg/L and (6.42±1.31) mg/L in the two experimental ponds. Relative to TOC, the percentages of dissolved organic carbon was highest at 76.33% and 70.56%, followed by particles of organic carbon (23.67% and 29.44%), bacteria carbon (7.96% and 7.18%), detritus carbon (14.70% and 20.90%), phytoplankton carbon (0.56% and 0.95%), and zooplankton carbon (0.45% and 0.41%). The concentration of total suspended particles in the R. esculentum-S. constricta-P. olivaceus-F. chinensis polyculture ponds was high, and the inorganic suspended particles was the most important component of the total suspended particles in this ecosystem; bacteria and detritus were the main components of the organic particles. These results indicate that bacteria and detritus play a very important role in nutrient cycling and energy flow in this polyculture ecosystem.