胞外酸性与肿瘤的浸润转移

组织缺氧是实体瘤的一个主要特征，它引起肿瘤细胞胞外酸性环境的形成.肿瘤细胞通过质子感知的G蛋白偶联受体（G protein-coupled receptors，GPCRs）或质子感知的离子通道感知其胞外的酸性环境，并激活多条细胞内信号通路，影响细胞功能. 肿瘤最致命的方面在于其转移能力，肿瘤转移程度与肿瘤细胞迁移能力呈正相关. 因此,对胞外酸性与肿瘤细胞迁移扩散之间关系的深入研究将有助于发现更多新的抗肿瘤转移药物.本文就肿瘤酸性微环境的形成、肿瘤细胞的质子感知制、胞外酸性环境对肿瘤浸润转移的影响及如何将肿瘤pH调节应用于癌症治疗等方面的内容予以综述.

Extracellular Acidification and Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Hypoxia is a characteristic of solid tumors, which results in the formation of extracellular acidification in tumor cells. Through proton-sensing G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) or proton-sensing ion channels, tumor cells sense extracellular acidification might stimulate a variety of intracellular signaling pathways and have global effects on cell functions. Metastasis is the most deadly aspect of cancer, and the metastasis extent of a tumor correlates with the tumor cells' migratory activity. Hence, researching the relationship between extracellular acidification and tumor cells metastasis will contribute to developing novel and potential antimetastatic drugs. This review will focus on the formation of tumor acidic microenvironment, proton-sensing mechanisms of tumor cells, the effects of extracellular acidic pH on tumor invasion and metastasis and how to take advantage of tumor pH in cancer treatment.