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A Method for High Fidelity Optogenetic Control of Individual Pyramidal Neurons In vivo
Authors:Shinya Nakamura  Michael V. Baratta  Donald C. Cooper
Affiliation:1.Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder;2.Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
Abstract:Optogenetic methods have emerged as a powerful tool for elucidating neural circuit activity underlying a diverse set of behaviors across a broad range of species. Optogenetic tools of microbial origin consist of light-sensitive membrane proteins that are able to activate (e.g., channelrhodopsin-2, ChR2) or silence (e.g., halorhodopsin, NpHR) neural activity ingenetically-defined cell types over behaviorally-relevant timescales. We first demonstrate a simple approach for adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of ChR2 and NpHR transgenes to the dorsal subiculum and prelimbic region of the prefrontal cortex in rat. Because ChR2 and NpHR are genetically targetable, we describe the use of this technology to control the electrical activity of specific populations of neurons (i.e., pyramidal neurons) embedded in heterogeneous tissue with high temporal precision. We describe herein the hardware, custom software user interface, and procedures that allow for simultaneous light delivery and electrical recording from transduced pyramidal neurons in an anesthetized in vivo preparation. These light-responsive tools provide the opportunity for identifying the causal contributions of different cell types to information processing and behavior.
Keywords:Neuroscience   Issue 79   Genetic Techniques   Genetics   Behavioral   Biological Science Disciplines   Neurosciences   genetics (animal and plant)   Investigative Techniques   Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms   Behavioral Disciplines and Activities   Natural Science Disciplines   Optogenetics   prefrontal cortex   subiculum   virus injection   in vivo recording   Neurophysiology   prelimbic   optrode   molecular neurogenetics   Gene targeting
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