Relationship among some ecological factors and chemical composition of Ajuga chamaecistus Ging. plant species

Ajuga chamaecistus belongs to Lamiaceae plant family. Plant samples were collected from four habitats during vegetative and flowering periods for comparing the essential oil yield and composition. After drying, the essential oil was extracted by distillation method. Essential oil yields of plants in four habitats were calculated which the analysis and identification of essential oil composition was performed using GC and GC–MS. Ultimately, the PCA was used to determine the relationship between plant major components and environmental factors. The results showed that β-Pinene and Linalool compounds had the highest percentage of essential oil composition. Environmental factors including elevation, annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, annual evaporation, sand and clay content were identified as the most effective factors in the isolation of A. chamaecistus habitats. It appears that the difference between ecological and soil factors of four habitats can have a significant effect on the type and percentage of essential oil components.