Influences of the atmospheric patterns on unstable climate-growth associations of western Mediterranean forests |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Biología Animal, Parasitología, Ecología, Edafología y Química Agrícola, Área de Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;2. Departamento de Ingeniería del Medio Agronómico y Forestal, Área de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Centro Universitario de Plasencia, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida Virgen del Puerto 2, 10600 Plasencia, Spain;3. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain;1. Kizhi Open-Air Museum of History, Architecture and Ethnography, Kirova sq., 10, Petrozavodsk, 185610, Russia;2. Forest Research Institute, Karelian Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushkinskaya St., 11, Petrozavodsk, 185910, Russia;3. Petrozavodsk State University, Lenina St., 33, Petrozavodsk, 185910, Russia;4. Institute of Applied Mathematical Research, Karelian Research Centre of RAS Pushkinskaya St., 11, Petrozavodsk, Karelia, 185910, Russia;1. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China;3. Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China;1. Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Physical and Chemical Research of China Meteorological Administration, Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Ecology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China;2. Key Laboratory of Western China''s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;1. Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China;2. DendroLab, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA;3. Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Quebec à Chicoutimi, 555, boulevard de l’Université, Chicoutimi, QC, G7H2B1, Canada;4. Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China;5. Slovenian Forestry Institute, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia;6. CAS Centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China;1. Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Physical and Chemical Research of China Meteorological Administration, Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Ecology of Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China;2. Key Laboratory of Western China''s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China;3. Xinjiang Agro-Meteorological Observatory, Urumqi 830002, China);1. Key Laboratory of Western China''s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;2. Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Physical and Chemical Research of China Meteorological Administration, Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Ecology of Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China;3. Institute of Water Problem and Hydropower of National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek 720033, Kyrgyzstan |
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| Abstract: | Quantifying climate-growth associations is needed to evaluate how forest productivity will respond to climate change. Year-to-year fluctuations in forest productivity and radial growth are partly explained by local climatic conditions driven by large-scale atmospheric patterns. This is illustrated by Iberian forests in the western Mediterranean Basin, which are subjected to complex climatic and atmospheric influences such as Atlantic and Mediterranean cyclogenesis. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is one of the major atmospheric circulation patterns affecting Iberian forests since positive winter NAO phases lead to dry and warm conditions. The Western Mediterranean Oscillation (WeMO) may also explain Iberian forest growth in some areas since this index captures Mediterranean cyclogenesis and WeMO negative phases are linked to warm and wet spring to summer conditions. Here, we analyze the associations between atmospheric patterns, climate and tree growth and we determine if they are changing through time. We use dendrochronology to relate radial growth of four tree species (Pyrenean oak, Sweet chestnut, Maritime pine and Scots pine) growing in western Spain to climate conditions and the NAO and WeMO indices. Winter and early spring temperatures increased since the 1950s in the area whereas the negative association between winter precipitation and the NAO strengthened since then. However, mean temperature rise was particularly evident since the 1970s. Growth was reduced by dry conditions during the growing season (spring and summer), but also by cold and dry conditions during the previous autumn and winter. This explains why the NAO January and the WeMo April indices were negative to growth of three species excluding Pyrenean oak. The early 1970s reflected an inflection point in the instability of climate-growth associations in the study area. We conclude that the winter NAO is a relevant driver of forest growth in the western Iberian Peninsula forests but additional atmospheric patterns (WeMO) also affect, albeit to a minor extent, these forests. |
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| Keywords: | Atmospheric circulation patterns Dendroecology North atlantic oscillation Western mediterranean oscillation |
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