Precursor structures and evolution of tympanal organs in Lepidoptera (Insecta, Pterygota) |
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Authors: | I Hasenfuss |
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Institution: | (1) Karlsbader Strasse 9, D-91083 Baiersdorf, Germany Fax: 09131 858040, DE |
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Abstract: | The patterns of scolopal organs and their innervation were studied by the methylene blue method in larvae, pupae and adults
of an Yponomeuta species (Yponomeutidae) and of tympanate adult representatives of the Noctuoidea, Geometridae, Drepanidae and Pyraloidea.
The studies were focused mainly on the mesothorax, the metathorax and some anterior abdominal segments. In the abdominal tympanal
organs of Geometridae, Drepanidae and Pyraloidea, the auditory scolopidia are homologous with the lateral scolopal organs
of the first abdominal segment; however, the hearing organs as such evolved independently in the three taxa. The studies confirm
that the tympanal organ in the Noctuoidea is derived from the caudal dorsolateral region of the metathorax including its dorsal
scolopal organ and the B-cell. The adult scolopal organs are present already in the larvae and are maintained nearly unchanged
during metamorphosis to the adult. Only in the Noctuoidea are the three sensory cells of the larval scolopal organs, which
become part of the tympanal organs, reduced to one (in Notodontidae) or two (in other Noctuoidea) during metamorphosis. A
hypothetical scenario of the evolution of the tympanal organs is outlined.
Accepted: 12 March 1997 |
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