不同种源麻栎苗期生长性状差异及聚类分析

对31个麻栎（Quercus acutissima Carr．）种源及20个麻栎单株（广西融水）1年生播种苗的生长状况及其与种源地地理位置和气候因子的相关性进行了分析。结果表明，不同种源播种苗的株高为53．40～121．16cm，从5月份至9月份呈匀速增长；地径为7．62—14．65mm，生长高峰期在7月中旬至9月中旬；叶面积指数为9．6～29．4，平均达16．1。20个单株播种苗的株高为78．49—101．23cm，地径为8．87—10．48mm，叶面积指数为7．6—17．9。不同种源麻栎和同一种源不同单株间的株高、地径和叶面积指数均存在极显著差异（P〈0．01）。播种苗的生长状况与种源地的纬度呈极显著负相关；与种源地的年均降水量和年均温度有一定的相关性。通过聚类分析可将31个麻栎种源分为3类，江西上饶、浙江龙泉、浙江富阳、浙江开化、贵州三穗和贵州黄平等6个种源为优良种源。

Variation of growth characters of Quercus acutissima seedlings from different provenances and its cluster analysis

The growth status of one-year-old seedlings of Quercus acutissima Carr. from thirty-one provenances and twenty individuals from Rongshui in Guangxi and the correlations of the growth characters with geographical and climatic factors of locations were analyzed. The results show that the seedling height of different provenances is 53.40 - 121.16 cm and the growing speed is uniform from May to September. The ground diameter is 7.62 - 14.65 mm and the growth peak is from the middle ten days of July to the middle ten days of September. The leaf area index （LAI） is 9.6 - 29.4 and the average is 16.1. The height, ground diameter and LAI of seedlings of twenty individuals are 78.49 - 101.23 cm, 8.87 - 10.48 mm and 7.6 - 17.9, respectively. There are highly significant differences of height, ground diameter and LAI of Q. acutissima seedlings among different provenances and individuals （P 〈 0.01 ）. The growth characters of seedlings have a highly significant negative correlation with the latitude of locations and some correlations with mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature of locations. Thirty-one provenances can be divided into three groups according to the cluster analysis. It can be concluded that the provenances of Shangrao of Jiangxi, Longquan, Fuyang and Kaihua of Zhejiang, Sansui and Huangping of Guizhou are superior provenances.