Parasitism and the demography of wheat stem sawfly larvae, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cephus cinctus</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Robert K D Peterson Micaela Buteler David K Weaver Tulio B Macedo Zhitan Sun Oscar Gerardo Perez Godshen R Pallipparambil |
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Institution: | (1) Montana State University, Bozeman, USA |
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Abstract: | Previous research has suggested that insect herbivores in protected environments have higher mortalities from biotic factors
such as parasitism compared to herbivores in less protected situations, although overall mortalities in protected environments
are often lower. However, this has not been examined using life table approaches. In this study, we used demographic methods
to characterize the mortality dynamics of parasitism for pre-diapause wheat stem sawfly larvae, Cephus cintus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), a stem-mining wheat pest. Larvae were intensively sampled from commercial wheat fields at
two locations in Montana, USA from 2005 through 2008. The feeding larvae present in the summer succumbed to only two mortality
categories: parasitism and unknown factors. In Conrad, a location with relatively high densities of the parasitoids, mortality
by parasitism was largely irreplaceable. In contrast, in Amsterdam, where parasitism did not occur to any appreciable degree,
overall mortality remained relatively low. |
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