金丝猴(Rhinopithecus)的某些结构特征

本文在对金丝猴的三个种群作系统解剖的基础上,与其他灵长类以及金丝猴的三个种群之间进行了比较。结果表明:在金丝猴与其他灵长类进行比较的44个项目中,金丝猴特有者9项;与叶猴相同而与其他灵长类不同者4项;与疣猴类的共同特征9项;与叶猴、类人猿和人相似而为其他猴类所不具备的特征有5项;与类人猿和人相似而为叶猴和其他猴类所不具备的特征有17项。因此,我们认为金丝猴的地位在叶猴之上,是猴超科(Cercopithecoidea) 中最进化的一个属,在灵长类系统发育中处于猴类与猿类之间的中间地位。在金丝猴三个种群之间互异比较中,相互不同的特征均超过60％,似乎完全有理由把它分立为三个种。

SOME MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF RHINOPITHECUS

This paper deals with comparative research of golden monkeys on the (basis of the data of gross dissection for three species (R. roxellanae, R. bieti and B. brelichi) distributing in our country. Among 44 traits illustrated in the text; (1) 9 special features are unique for Rhi-nopithecus; (2) There are 4 shared characters between Rhinopithecus and Presbytis, while they seem to be absent in other primates; (3) 9 features are common in Rhinopi-thecus and other colloibines; (4) 5 features which are absent in other monkeys are shared by golden monkey and Presbytis, anthropoids and Homo; (5) There are 17 characters identical with those in anthropoids and Homo, but these traits are absent in Presbytis and other monkeys examined thus far. According to this comparative study the impiressive knowledges are as follows: (1) Rhinopithecus, indeed, is the most advanced monkey among Old World ones, although they also possess certain primitive characters; (2) From the discussion above, Rhiopi-thecus has built a bridge connecting Old World monkeys with anthropoids in phylogene-tic relationship. The differences among three local populations are so remarkable (overpassing 60%, between each other) that we must consider them as three separate species. Differences to such an extent have not been shown among different species in other genus of Colobidae.