常发性害虫白背飞虱与潜在性害虫电光叶蝉的种内竞争效应比较(英文)

实验室研究表明若虫期拥挤显著延长了白背飞虱Sogatellafurcifera的发育历期 ,但电光叶蝉Reciliadorsalis的历期受影响不显著 ;白背飞虱的若虫存活率、两种的性比、产卵前期和繁殖力不显著。若虫期高密度下的白背飞虱短翅率、电光叶蝉的若虫存活率显著降低。繁殖力和成虫寿命在成虫期也拥挤的条件下将进一步受到影响。特定年龄生命表分析表明拥挤对白背飞虱的综合影响程度比对电光叶蝉小。常发性、潜在性昆虫对若虫期、成虫期拥挤的反应并不总是如文献中所言表现为繁殖力的差异 ,本研究表明内禀增长力可较完整地描绘这种反应。白背飞虱作为一常发性昆虫与潜在性昆虫电光叶蝉的生态学特性的差异表现在 :未成熟期短、繁殖力和产出卵速率均高 ,因而内禀增长力也高。

COMPARISON OF INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION BETWEEN ERUPTIVE AND LATENT AUCHENORRHYCHA (HOMOPTERA) SPECIES ON RICE:SOGATELLA FURCIFERA (DELPHACIDAE) VERSUS RECILIA DORSALIS(DELTOCEPHALIDAE)

A comparison of the effects of intraspecific competition between the white\|backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) and the zigzag leafhopper (ZLH) Recilia dorsalis (Motschulsky), as representatives of eruptive and latent Auchenorrhycha (Homoptera) species on rice, was carried out in the laboratory. Crowding during the nymphal stage extended the duration of development of WBPH but not of ZLH. The nymphal survival rate of WBPH, sex ratio, preoviposition period and fecundity of both species were however not affected. The brachypterous percentage of WBPH and nymphal survival of ZLH were significantly reduced under high nymphal density. Crowding during the adult stage reduced fecundity and longevity significantly of both species. Fecundity and longevity were further reduced when combined with high densities during the nymphal stage. Age specific life table analysis showed that the integrated effect of crowding on ZLH is stronger than on WBPH. The mechanism of eruptive and latent species' response to crowding during nymph and adult stages is not clearly expressed as a significant difference in fecundity. It is better described as the variation in the intrinsic rate of increase (r m). Therefore the construction of an age\|specific life table is helpful, and perhaps necessary, to understand these effects. The results showed that the main ecological characteristics of ZLH, as a latent species were its longer immature period, lower total fecundity and decreased and retailed rate of oviposition, hence the lower r\-m , as compared with WBPH.