蓖麻提取物对南方根结线虫的防治作用

通过毒力测定及盆栽试验,研究了蓖麻提取物对南方根结线虫的杀线活性及防治效果.结果表明:蓖麻碱及蓖麻水提液均具有较强毒杀线虫活性,蓖麻碱浓度为2g·L-1、处理48 h杀线虫活性最强,线虫校正死亡率达91.5％,LC50为0.6 g·L-1;蓖麻水提液浓度为100g·L-1、处理48 h杀线虫活性最强,线虫校正死亡率达83.5％,LC50为18.3 g·L-1;蓖麻碱、蓖麻水提液和蓖麻叶植物粉处理接种南方根结线虫的番茄苗后,植株平均根结数分别为(17.6±1.7)、(20.6±1.5)和(22.8±3.7),均显著低于对照(37.4±2.3),根长分别比对照提高46.8％、34.5％和33.8％,株高分别比对照提高33.5％、22.6％和15.8％,植株鲜质量分别比对照增加41.4％、18.9％和10.1％.蓖麻提取物能减轻线虫危害,对盆栽番茄南方根结线虫病控制效果明显.

Control effects of Ricinus communis extracts on Meloidogyne incognita

Toxicity test and pot experiment were conducted to study the nematocidal activity and control effects of Ricinus communis extracts on Meloidogyne incognita. The results showed that both the ricinine and the R. communis water extracts had high nematocidal activity. The ricinine at concentration 2 g x L(-1) and treated for 48 hours had the strongest nematocidal activity, leading to 91.5% of corrected mortality of M. incognita and with the LC50 being 0.6 g x L(-1), whereas the R. communis water extracts at concentration 100 g x L(-1) and treated for 48 hours had the strongest nematocidal activity, which led to 83.5% of corrected mortality of M. incognita, and the LC50 was 18.3 g x L(-1). With the inoculation of M. incognita treated with ricinine, R. communis water extracts, and R. communis leaf powder, respectively, on tomato seedlings, the mean number of plant root-knots was 17.6 +/- 1.7, 20.6 +/- 1.5 and 22.8 +/- 3.7, respectively, being significantly lower than the control (37.4 +/- 2.3), and the root length increased by 46.8%, 34.5% and 33.8%, and the plant height increased by 33.5%, 22.6% and 15.8%, and the fresh mass increased by 41.4%, 18.9% and 10.1%, respectively, compared with the control. All the results suggested that R. communis extracts could mitigate the harm of M. incognita, and had obvious effects on potted tomato against M. incognita.