Diversity in inhibitors of trypsin and Helicoverpa armigera gut proteinases in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and its wild relatives |
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Authors: | A G Patankar A M Harsulkar A P Giri V S Gupta M N Sainani P K Ranjekar V V Deshpande |
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Institution: | (1) Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India e-mail: pkr@ems.ncl.res.in Fax: +91 020 5884032, IN |
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Abstract: | Developing seeds of eight chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars (12–60 days after flowering) showed a significant variation in the trypsin inhibitor (TI) and the Helicoverpa armigera gut proteinase inhibitor (HGPI) content. For example, the highest TI (198 units/g) and HGPI (23 units/g) activities were
exhibited by mature seeds of cv ICCV-2, whereas the lowest inhibitor activities were observed in cv PG8505–7 (96.1 TI units/g)
and cv Vijay (5 HGPI units/g). Electrophoretic patterns showed a variation in TI bands during the early stages of seed development,
indicating cultivar-specific TI accumulation. Among the seed organs, TI and HGPI activities were highly localized in the embryo-axis
as compared to the cotyledons in immature and mature seeds. Moisture stress, as effected under rainfed conditions, resulted
in reduced PI levels. Wild relatives of chickpea revealed variability in terms of the number and intensity of TI bands. However,
when assessed for inhibition of HGP, none of the wild Cicer species showed more than 35% inhibition, suggesting that a large proportion of HGP was insensitive to PIs from Cicer. Our results provide a biochemical basis for the adaptation of H. armigera to the PIs of Cicer species and advocate the need for the transformation of chickpea with a suitable gene(s) for H. armigera resistance.
Received: 26 December 1998 / Accepted: 19 January 1999 |
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Keywords: | Cicer Developing seeds Genetic diversity Helicoverpa armigera Moisture stress Proteinase inhibitor Tissue specificity |
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