西双版纳野生蔬菜资源的特点及开发建议

西双版纳有野生蔬菜 2 77种 ,分属于 2 0 1属 ,79科 ;其中食用嫩茎叶类 1 92种 ,竹笋类 1 3种 ,鲜花类 3 5种 ,果实类 2 2种 ,块茎、块根和髓心类 2 7种。西双版纳 5 3 .8%的野菜种类资源量属“较多”及以上级别 ,62 .7%的种类有 6个月以上的采集时间。对 1 1种主要野菜的口感进行随机抽样调查 ,发现 9种野菜口感得分高于对照白菜 ,2种略低于白菜。对 7种野菜和香椿的矿物质元素 P、Mg、Fe和微量元素 Zn、Mo含量分析 ,发现野菜的平均含量为香椿的 1～ 3倍。对 7种野菜和香椿的 1 6种氨基酸含量分析 ,发现野菜的平均含量只有 SER低于香椿 ,其它 1 5种氨基酸平均含量为香椿的 1～ 1 .7倍。因此 ,提出了开发西双版纳野菜的 4点建议。

Wild vegetable resources characteristic and developing proposition in Xishuangbanna

Xishuangbanna, located in the southern of Yunnan Province, China, is rich in wild vegetable resources. More than 277 species of wild vegetables belonging to 201 genera and 79 families are reported in this paper. They can be divided into 6 groups based to edible part such as flowers 35 species, fruits 22, tender stems and green leaves 192, bamboo shoot 13 and root tuber 27. The collecting season, collecting resources and taste of mainly wild vegetable in Xishuangbanna are described according to authors' interviews and investigations. We found the amounts of healthy such as mineral and microelement, protein and amino acid are higher in wild vegetables than commonly wild vegetable (Toona sinensis) in China. The way of exploration and utilization of wild vegetable resources in Xishuangbanna is discussed.