RAPD和SSR两种标记构建的中国对虾遗传连锁图谱

利用RAPD和SSR分子标记结合拟测交策略,对中国对虾(Fenneropenaeuschinensis)“黄海1号”雌虾与野生雄虾作为亲本进行单对杂交产生的F1代,采用RAPD和SSR两种分子标记技术初步构建了中国对虾雌、雄遗传连锁图谱。对460个RAPD引物和44对SSR引物进行筛选,共选出61个RAPD引物和20对SSR引物,用于对父母本和82个F1个体进行遗传分析。共得到母本分离标记146个(RAPD标记128个,微卫星标记18个)和父本分离标记127个(RAPD标记109个,微卫星标记18个)。雌性图谱包括8个连锁群、9个三联体和14个连锁对,标记间平均间隔为11·28cM,图谱共覆盖1173cM,覆盖率为59·36%;雄性图谱包括10个连锁群、12个三联体和7个连锁对,标记间平均间隔为12·05cM,图谱共覆盖1144·6cM,覆盖率为62·01%。中国对虾遗传图谱的构建为其分子标记辅助育种、比较基因组作图及数量性状位点的定位与克隆奠定了基础。

Construction of a Genetic Linkage Map in Fenneropenaeus chinensis Using RAPD and SSR Markers

The primary genetic linkage maps of Fenneropenaeus chinensis were constructed by using a ``two-way pseudo-testcross' strategy with RAPD and SSR markers. Parents and F1 progeny were used as segregating populations. Sixty-one RAPD primers and 20 pairs of SSR primers were screened from 460 RAPD primers and 44 pairs of SSR primers. These primers were used to analyze the parents and 82 progeny of the mapping family. One hundred and forty-six marker primers (128 RAPDs, 18 microsatellites) were used in the female and 127 primers (109 RAPDs, 18 microsatellites) in the male were used as segregating markers. The female linkage map included eight linkage groups, nine triplets and 14 doublets, spanning 1 173 cM with the average marker density of 11.28 cM. The observed coverage was 59.36%. The male linkage map included 10 linkage groups, 12 triplets and seven doublets, spanning 1 144.6 cM with the average marker density of 12.05 cM. The observed coverage was 62.01%. The construction of the F. chinensis genetic linkage maps here open a new prospect for marker-assisted selection programs, comparative genomics and quantitative trait loci (QTL) gene location and cloning.