Modulation of calcium signalling by mitochondria |
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Authors: | Ciara Walsh |
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Institution: | Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK |
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Abstract: | In this review we will attempt to summarise the complex and sometimes contradictory effects that mitochondria have on different forms of calcium signalling. Mitochondria can influence Ca2+ signalling indirectly by changing the concentration of ATP, NAD(P)H, pyruvate and reactive oxygen species — which in turn modulate components of the Ca2+ signalling machinery i.e. buffering, release from internal stores, influx from the extracellular solution, uptake into cellular organelles and extrusion by plasma membrane Ca2+ pumps. Mitochondria can directly influence the calcium concentration in the cytosol of the cell by importing Ca2+ via the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter or transporting Ca2+ from the interior of the organelle into the cytosol by means of Na+/Ca2+ or H+/Ca2+ exchangers. Considerable progress in understanding the relationship between Ca2+ signalling cascades and mitochondrial physiology has been accumulated over the last few years due to the development of more advanced optical techniques and electrophysiological approaches. |
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Keywords: | [Ca2+] calcium concentration ER endoplasmic reticulum SR sarcoplasmic reticulum [Ca2+]c cytosolic Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]m mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]er Ca2+ concentration in endoplasmic reticulum IP3R IP3 receptor RyR ryanodine receptor ROS reactive oxygen species SOCE store-operated Ca2+ entry ICRAC calcium release-activated calcium current ACh acetylcholine PMCA plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase SERCA sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase Olig Oligomycin IA Iodoacetate Tg thapsigargin STIM1 stromal interacting molecule one |
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