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In vivo neurochemical profiling of rat brain by 1H-[13C] NMR spectroscopy: cerebral energetics and glutamatergic/GABAergic neurotransmission
Authors:Pieter van Eijsden  Kevin L Behar§  Graeme F Mason§  Kees P J Braun†  Robin A de Graaf‡
Institution:Department of Neurosurgery, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;
Department of Child Neurology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;
Department of Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA;
Department of Psychiatry, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Abstract:The quantification of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission and the associated energy metabolism is crucial for a proper understanding of brain function. Although the detection of glutamatergic neurotransmission in vivo by 13C NMR spectroscopy is now relatively routine, the detection of GABAergic neurotransmission in vivo has remained elusive because of the low GABA concentration and spectral overlap. Using 1H-13C] NMR spectroscopy at high magnetic field in combination with robust spectral modeling and the use of different substrates, U-13C6]-glucose and 2-13C]-acetate, it is shown that GABAergic, as well as glutamatergic neurotransmitter fluxes can be detected non-invasively in rat brain in vivo .
Keywords:1H-[13C] NMR  cerebral metabolism  γ-aminobutyric acid  glutamate  rat
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