The Effect of Copper on The Structure of the Ammonia-Oxidizing Microbial Community in an Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Plant |
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Authors: | Pamela Principi Federica Villa Barbara Giussani Elisabetta Zanardini Francesca Cappitelli Claudia Sorlini |
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Institution: | (1) Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche (DiSTAM), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy;(2) Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Ambientali, Università dell’Insubria, via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy |
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Abstract: | Molecular approaches based on both whole-cell and extracted DNA were applied to assess chronic and acute effects of copper
on the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) community in an activated sludge system. The ammonia monooxygenase amoA gene was chosen as the functional marker to evaluate changes in the AOB community. Using in situ polymerase chain reaction, we were able to visualize the peripheric distribution of the amoA gene-possessing bacteria in activated sludge flocs. The AOB biomass content was constant in both chronic and acute toxicity
experiments, but the ammonia oxidizing activity, measured as ammonia uptake rate, was different. The AOB community structural
changes due to the copper presence were evaluated by multivariate analysis of the DGGE bands profiles. The chronic contamination
caused a change in the AOB community compared to the control. In contrast, acute inputs led to a temporary change in the AOB
community, after which the community was similar to the control. Recovery after acute intoxication was achieved after 72 h.
The present study reports on the effects of chronic and acute copper contamination on the ammonia uptake ability of the AO
microorganisms and the structure of the AOB community in a wastewater system and, as a consequence, gives indications on the
response of wastewater plants under similar conditions. |
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