Effects of deionized water on viability of the zebra mussel,Dreissena polymorpha |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre for Environmental Science, Faculty of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;2. School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK;1. School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, North University of China, TaiYuan 030051, China;2. School of Business, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China;3. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;1. Ecology Unit, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy;2. CBMA – Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal;3. Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;4. Aquatic Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
1. Zebra mussels exposed to deionized water (DW, changed daily) begin to die within several days. More than half the animals die in DW within a week.2. Animals allowed to reattach themselves prior to exposure to DW live somewhat longer than detached animals exposed to DW but are still sensitive to the toxic effects of DW.3. Small animals die in response to DW faster than large animals.4. The toxic effect of DW can be suppressed by addition of 0.5 mM NaCl, 0.25 mM MgSO4, or small amounts of aquarium water.5. KCl is about 10 times more toxic to zebra mussels when applied in DW than when applied in aquarium water.6. The toxic effects of 37 mg KCl/1 DW are not prevented by the addition of 0.5 mM NaCl or 0.25 mM MgSO4.7. Stimulation of potassium transport mechanisms by DW may account for the increased toxicity of KCl in DW. Toxic effects of DW and increased toxicity of potassium in DW may have applications in controlling zebra mussel infestations. |
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