棕黑锦蛇消化系统和呼吸系统的解剖

目的解剖观察东北体型最大的棕黑锦蛇。了解其消化系统和呼吸系统的基本形态结构及特点。方法采自辽宁东部丹东市和桓仁县棕黑锦蛇共6条，其中雌性3条，雄性3条。采用福尔马林固定后．沿腹面正中线部位将皮肤从泄殖孔剪至颏部。对消化和呼吸系统进行观察和测量。结果消化系统和呼吸系统的基本形态结构与其它蛇类相似。但也有其特点：上颌的两侧左右各有两排细小的牙齿，胰管在十二指肠壁外与胆总管汇合共同开口于十二指肠。呼吸系统主要由气管和肺构成。气管位于食管腹面，末端连接正常的右肺，末端一侧则连接着退化的左肺。右肺长囊状，明显分为呼吸部和气囊部。左肺很小，呈卵圆形囊状。结论由于生活习性和生存环境的不同，各蛇种在漫长的进化过程中也表现形态结构方面的不同。

Anatomy of Digestive and Respiratory Systems in the Amur Rat-snake, Elaphe schrenckii

The amur rat-snake （Elaphe schrenckii） was the largest one of the snakes distributed in northeast China. Its morphological characteristics of digestive and respiratory systems were observed and described in this paper. The digestive system of this snake was similar to other snakes and had the following special characters： two rows exiguous teeth in upper jaw, and pancreatic duct and common bile duct jointed outside the duodenum and opened in the wall of duodenum. In the respiratory system, trachea was in the ventral of esophagus, connecting with the degradated left lung and normal right lung. The right lung was long and saccate,consisling of two regions - the vascular hmg or respiratory portion, and the air sac lung or air sac portion. The left lung was small and oval cystic.