Blockage of regulatory T cells augments induction of protective immune responses by influenza virus-like particles in aged mice |
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| Institution: | 1. National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China;2. Department of Infectious Diseases and Central Laboratory, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 1 Xinsi Rd, Xi''an 710038, PR China;3. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Room 3033, Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;1. Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;2. Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;3. Clinical Research Institute, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan;1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 South Li YU-shan Road, New City District 830054 Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China;2. Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, PR China;1. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Students'' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;5. Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;6. Digestive Diseases Research Institute (DDRI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;7. Complementary and Chinese Medicine, Persian and Complementary Medicine Faculty, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;8. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;1. Graduate Program of Hydrologic Sciences, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Mail Stop 0186, Reno, NV 89557, USA;2. Dendrolab and Graduate Program of Hydrologic Sciences, University of Nevada Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Mail Stop 0154, Reno, NV 89557, USA;3. Graduate Program of Hydrologic Sciences, University of Nevada Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Mail Stop 0175, Reno, NV 89557, USA;4. Graduate Program of Environmental Sciences, University of Nevada Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Mail Stop 0186, Reno, NV 89557, USA;5. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;1. Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;2. Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;3. Department of Molecular Imaging and Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;4. Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Elderly humans over 65 years old are at great risk to pathogenesis by influenza virus infection. However, although influenza vaccines provide effective protection in healthy young adults, protection of elderly adults is substantially lower even with a good match between the vaccine and the circulating influenza virus. To gain insight of the underlying mechanism for the reduced immunogenicity of influenza vaccines in the aged population, we investigated immunogenicity of influenza virus-like particle vaccines in aged mice, which represent a useful model for studying aging associated impairment in immune responses. Specifically, we investigated the effect of inhibiting regulatory T cells in aged mice on induction of protective immune responses by influenza vaccines. Our results showed that injecting anti-CD25 antibodies could down-regulate CD25 on the surface of regulatory T cells and significantly increase the levels of antibody responses induced by VLP immunization in aged mice. Further, the profiles of antibody responses were also changed towards Th1 type by regulatory T cell blockage in aged mice. Moreover, aged mice that were treated by anti-CD25 antibodies prior to vaccination were more effectively protected against lethal influenza virus challenge. |
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| Keywords: | Influenza Vaccine Aging Regulatory T cell |
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