Impacts of trehalose and l-proline on the thermodynamic nonequilibrium phase change and thermal properties of normal saline |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India;1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China;2. College of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China;3. Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China;1. CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;4. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Energy and Buildings, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China;5. School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;6. Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Beijing 100190, China |
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| Abstract: | Understanding the phase change behavior and thermal properties of cryoprotective agents (CPAs) in biological solutions is essential for enhancing the success of cryopreservation and biobanking. In this study, the phase change behavior and thermal properties of normal saline added with trehalose or l-proline were investigated using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and cryomicroscope during freezing and warming. The addition of trehalose or l-proline can eliminate the eutectic formation in normal saline. Trehalose had significantly lower latent heat release than l-proline does at a high concentration of 1 M (P < 0.05), while unfrozen water content of trehalose is significantly lower than that of l-proline at all the concentrations (P < 0.05). It was also found that addition of 0.2 M, 0.3 M and 1 M trehalose can achieve partial vitrification in normal saline and that the glass transition temperature rises along with the increase in concentrations of trehalose. However, no vitrification was observed in normal saline with l-proline at any concentrations. Besides, rates of ice crystal growth in normal saline added with trehalose are slower than those in normal saline with l-proline at the same concentrations. These results suggest that both trehalose and l-proline can act as CPAs by avoiding eutectic formation and inhibiting ice formation in normal saline for cell cryopreservation. It could be useful for CPA selection and designing in the future. |
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| Keywords: | Cryopreservation Eutectic crystallization Cryoprotectants Vitrification Differential scanning calorimetry Cryomicroscopy |
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