Arthropods (Pseudoscorpionidea,Acarina, Coleoptera,Siphonaptera) in nests of the bearded tit (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Panurus biarmicus</Emphasis>) |
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Authors: | Ján Krištofík Peter Mašán Zbyšek Šustek |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84506 Bratislava, Slovakia |
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Abstract: | In the period 1993–2006, during investigation of reproduction biology of the bearded tit, 106 deserted nests of the species
were collected in Slovakia, Austria and Italy and their arthropod fauna was analyzed. Occasionally introduced individuals
of the pseudoscorpion Lamprochernes nodosus, a frequent species in Central Europe, were recorded in the nests. Altogether 984 individuals and 33 species of mesostigmatic
mites (Acari) were found in 46.2% of the nests examined. The ectoparasite Ornithonyssus sylviarum was most abundant and frequent; it represented almost 68.3% of all individuals. Due to it, the parasitic mites predominated
(69.4% of individuals). Other ecological groups were less represented: edaphic detriticols − 11.6%, coprophils − 10.7%, species
of vegetation stratum − 8.2%, and nidicols − 0.2%. Beetles (40 species, 246 individuals) were present in 57 nests. Most of
the beetles were strongly hygrophilous species inhabiting soil surface in the reed stands or other types of wetlands and the
shore vegetation. Predators represented 59% of all individuals. They might find food in the nests, but none of the species
had a close relationship to bird nests and represented 35% of species. All beetle species penetrated the nests occasionally,
when ascending on the vegetation or searching cover during periods of increased water level. Occasionally, larvae and nymphs
of the Dermacentor marginatus tick were found. They were most probably introduced by insectivores of the genus Neomys. Only one species of fleas, Ceratophyllus garei — a parasite of birds nesting in humid environment, was recorded in the nests. |
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Keywords: | bearded tit pseudoscorpions mites ticks beetles fleas Slovakia Austria Italy |
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