P2Y2 receptor promotes intestinal microtubule stabilization and mucosal re‐epithelization in experimental colitis

P2Y₂ receptor expression is increased in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) during inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). In this context, P2Y₂ stimulates PGE₂ release by IECs, suggesting a role in wound healing. For this study, we have used the non‐cancerous IEC‐6 cell line. IEC‐6 cell migration was determined using Boyden chambers and the single‐edged razor blade model of wounding. The receptor was activated using ATP, UTP, or 2‐thioUTP. Pharmacological inhibitors, a blocking peptide, a neutralizing antibody and interfering RNAs were used to characterize the signaling events. Focal adhesions and microtubule (MT) dynamics were determined by immunofluorescence using anti‐vinculin and anti‐acetylated‐α‐tubulin antibodies, respectively. In vivo, the dextran sodium sulfate mouse model of colitis was used to characterize the effects of P2Y₂ agonist 2‐thioUTP on remission. We showed that P2Y₂ increased cell migration and wound closure by recruiting Go protein with the cooperation of integrin α_v. Following P2Y₂ activation, we demonstrated that GSK3β activity was inhibited in response to Akt activation. This leads to MT stabilization and increased number of focal adhesions. In vivo, P2Y₂ activation stimulates remission, as illustrated by a reduction in the disease activity index values and histological scores as compared to control mice. These findings highlight a novel function for this receptor in IECs. They also illustrate that P2Y receptors could be targeted for the development of innovative therapies for the treatment of IBDs. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 99–109, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.