Spatial analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma and socioeconomic status in China from a Population-based Cancer Registry |
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| Authors: | Wenxiang Peng Yue Chen Qingwu Jiang Yingjie Zheng |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China;2. Key Laboratory on Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education at the Fudan University, Shanghai, China;3. Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;1. Department Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, United States;2. Center for Learning Health Care, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, United States;3. Center for Health and Community, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States;1. Hôpital Charles LeMoyne Research Centre Longueuil, QC, Canada;2. Centre de réadaptation en dépendance de Montréal – Institut Universitaire, Canada;3. Department of Community Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada;4. Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;1. Division of Life Science and Biotechnology Research Institute, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong;2. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong;3. Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan;4. Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3420 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;3. Department of Radiation Oncology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan;4. School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan;1. Dumont-UCLA Transplant and Liver Cancer Centers, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA;2. Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA |
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| Abstract: | Background: Little is known about geographic variations in liver cancer at high incident regions. We aimed to identify spatial variation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at a high-risk area in China and determine its association with socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: Based on 2299 liver cancer cases diagnosed in Haimen from 2003 to 2006, we calculated age–sex standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and used two spatial scan statistics to determine the geographic variations in HCC. Bayesian hierarchical model was used to explore the association between HCC incidence and SES. Results: Age and sex SIRs for HCC varied from 0.54 to 1.97 for 24 townships. The eastern region of Haimen was identified to have a significantly increased risk of HCC. Fitting of a Bayesian hierarchical model linking per-capita fiscal revenue with SIRs of HCC indicated that the area with a lower revenue had a significantly higher incidence of HCC βlog(revenue) = ?0.179, posterior 95% Bayesian credible interval (CI) = (?0.326, ?0.04)]. Conclusions: This study demonstrated substantial geographic variation in the incidence of HCC within a high-risk region, which was associated with SES. HCC control and intervention should focus on disadvantaged areas to reduce the HCC disparities. |
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