High resolution three-dimensional strain mapping of bioprosthetic heart valves using digital image correlation |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA;2. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;1. Tissue Engineering and Biological Systems Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16887, Iran;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;3. Basir Eye Health Research Center, Tehran 14186, Iran;1. Center for Cardiovascular Simulation Institute for Computational Engineering & Sciences Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA;2. Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering Swansea University, Swansea, UK;3. Gorman Cardiovascular Research Group Department of Surgery University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;4. Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;1. The DU Cardiovascular Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado;2. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah;3. Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington;1. Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Denver, Denver, Colo;2. Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Tex;3. Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;4. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash;7. Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash;5. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany;6. Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikva, Israel;1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA;2. J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA;1. Mechanical Engineering Department, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA;2. Bioengineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a safe and effective treatment option for patients deemed at high and intermediate risk for surgical aortic valve replacement. Similar to surgical aortic valves (SAVs), transcatheter aortic valves (TAVs) undergo calcification and mechanical wear over time. However, to date, there have been limited publications on the long-term durability of TAV devices. To assess longevity and mechanical strength of TAVs in comparison to surgical bioprosthetic valves, three-dimensional deformation analysis and strain measurement of the leaflets become an inevitable part of the evaluation. The goal of this study was to measure and compare leaflet displacement and strain of two commonly used TAVs in a side-by-side comparison with a commonly used SAV using a high-resolution digital image correlation (DIC) system. 26-mm Edwards SAPIEN 3, 26-mm Medtronic CoreValve, and 25-mm Carpentier-Edwards PERIMOUNT Magna surgical bioprosthesis were examined in a custom-made valve testing apparatus. A time-varying, spatially uniform pressure was applied to the leaflets at different loading rates. GOM ARAMIS® software was used to map leaflet displacement and strain fields during loading and unloading. High displacement regions were found to be at the leaflet belly region of the three bioprosthetic valves. In addition, the frame of the surgical bioprosthesis was found to be remarkably flexible, in contrary to CoreValve and SAPIEN 3 in which the stent was nearly rigid under a similar loading condition. The experimental DIC measurements can be used to characterize the anisotropic materiel behavior of the bioprosthetic heart valve leaflets and validate heart valve computational simulations. |
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| Keywords: | Digital image correlation Bioprosthetic heart valve Transcatheter aortic valve replacement Surgical aortic valve replacement Displacement Strain |
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