小麦品种（系）对麦红吸浆虫抗性指标筛选与抗性评价

【目的】筛选小麦对麦红吸浆虫Sitodiplosis mosellana抗性的准确鉴定方法, 明确生产上栽培小麦品种（系）对吸浆虫的抗性, 为抗虫小麦品种的筛选和利用提供科学依据。【方法】2012-2014年在陕西周至县建立麦红吸浆虫抗性鉴定圃, 调查并分析各参试小麦材料的估计损失率、粒被害率、穗被害率、单穗虫口和实际产量损失率及其相关性, 筛选出较准确的指标; 并以筛选到的指标为依据, 评估参试材料的抗性。【结果】估计损失率连续两年与其他3个抗性指标及实际产量损失率的相关性最强, 且均达到极显著水平。2012-2013年参试的85份和2013-2014年评估的80份材料中, 高抗、中抗和低抗材料合计分别为25份和40份; 重复种植的16份材料中, 14份两年均表现为抗性, 其中科农1006和晋麦47连续表现为高抗。【结论】估计损失率为具代表性且较准确的吸浆虫抗性鉴定指标。筛选出的抗性材料可作为抗吸浆虫的主推品种或后备品种, 也可作为亲本材料进行抗性育种研究。

Screening of resistance indicators and evaluation of the resistance of wheat varieties to the orange wheat blossom midge,Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

【Aim】 Our study aims to screen more accurate resistance indicators and to evaluate the resistance of wheat varieties to the orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), so as to provide a scientific basis for screening and application of resistant wheat varieties. 【Methods】 During 2012 and 2013, 2013 and 2014, 85 and 83 wheat varieties were planted in the field in Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi province, respectively, and the number of larvae in wheat kernel per variety whose ear emergence growth stage was consistent with adult emergence period of insect was counted in the next year. The correlation between four resistance indicators including the estimated loss rate, percentage of infested grains, percentage of infested ears and insect number per ear, as well as the relationship between each indictor and the yield loss rate, were analyzed. According to the more accurate indicators screened, resistance of the planted wheat varieties to S. mosellana was evaluated.【Results】 The estimated loss rate not only exhibited the highest correlation but also was highly significantly correlative with other three indicators and the yield loss rate in both years. The total number of resistant varieties among the total evaluated wheat varieties was 25 during 2012-2013 and 40 during 2013-2014, respectively. Among the 16 wheat varieties planted repeatedly, 14 varieties exhibited resistance in both years, of which Kenong 1006 and Jinmai 47 were continuously highly resistant. 【Conclusion】 The estimated loss rate is a representative and better resistance indicator of wheat varieties to S. mosellana. Resistant wheat varieties screened can be used as the main extension varieties or reserved varieties in the occurrence areas of S. mosellana or as the parent material for breeding of resistant varieties.