Distribution of dimethylsulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate and its relation with phytoneuston in the surface microlayer of the western North Atlantic during summer |
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Authors: | Gui-Peng Yang Maurice Levasseur Sonia Michaud Anissa Merzouk Martine Lizotte Michael Scarratt |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology (Québec-Océan), Laval University, Pavillon Vachon, Local 2078, Quebec city, QC, G1K 7P4, Canada;(2) Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, China;(3) Maurice-Lamontagne Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Box 1000, Mont-Joli, QC, G5H 3Z4, Canada |
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Abstract: | One of the key steps towards predicting dimethylsulfide (DMS) emission to the atmosphere is to understand the distribution
and cycling of biogenic sulfur in the microlayer. In this study, we examined the distribution of DMS and dissolved and particulate
fractions of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPd and DMSPp) in the surface microlayer and bulk water of the western North Atlantic
during July 2003. DMS concentrations in the bulk water varied from 0.71 to 7.65 nM. In contrast, DMS concentrations in the
surface microlayer were fairly low (0.17–1.33 nM). Average concentrations of DMSPd and DMSPp in the bulk water were 2.09 (1.87–6.25)
and 44.1 (8.06–119.8) nM, respectively, and those in the surface microlayer were 15.4 (4.06–54.3) and 29.9 (7.32–97.0) nM.
In general, DMS was depleted in the microlayer (mean concentration: 0.60 nM) relative to the bulk water (mean concentration:
2.38 nM) with enrichment factors (the ratio of the microlayer concentration to bulk water concentration) ranging from 0.13
to 0.54. There was no consistent enrichment of DMSPp and chlorophyll a in the microlayer. On the contrary, DMSPd appeared to be highly enriched in the microlayer with an average EF of 4.89. The
concentration of phaeopigments was also generally greater in the microlayer than in the bulk water, presumably due to enhanced
photo-oxidation of chlorophyll a under high surface light intensities in the microlayer. In the study area, the concentration of DMSPp was significantly correlated
with the abundance of dinoflagellates in the microlayer. Moreover, a significant correlation between the distributions of
DMS, DMSPp, chlorophyll a and phaeopigment concentrations in the microlayer and the bulk water demonstrated that the biogenic materials in the microlayer
come primarily from the bulk water below. |
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Keywords: | Dimethylsulfide Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Distribution Sea-surface microlayer Western North Atlantic |
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