EST分子标记开发及在比较基因组学中的应用

数量迅速增加的EST(expressed sequence tags)为分子标记的开发提供了宝贵的资源。与来自于基因组DNA开发的传统标记相比,以EST为基础的分子标记是一种新型分子标记,具有其显著的优势,如开发简便、信息量高和通用性好等,在多方面都有重要的利用价值。本文详细地介绍了目前基于EST开发的5类分子标记以及基于生物信息学方法的开发策略,这些标记包括EST-PCR、EST-SSR、EST-SNP、EST-RFLP和EST-AFLP。此外,对这些标记在比较基因组学研究中的应用进行了评述,包括比较作图、遗传多样性评价及系统发育研究等。

Molecular markers derived from EST: their development and applications in comparative genomics

Expressed sequence tags (EST), which have been increasing rapidly in number recently, provide important resources for the development of molecular markers. Compared with conventional markers derived from genomic DNA, the EST-derived markers are a novel type of molecular tool with remarkable advantages such as being easy to develop, more informative, and highly transferable. EST markers have been used in many research fields. In the present paper, five kinds of recently developed EST markers, including EST-PCR, EST-SSR, EST-SNP, EST-RFLP, and EST-AFLP, as well as their development strategies based on bioinformatics, are introduced. Moreover, the applications of these markers in comparative genomics studies, including comparative mapping, genetic diversity evaluation, and phylogenetics and so on, are also reviewed.