Morphology and ontogenesis of two new Hemiholosticha species (Ciliophora,Hypotrichia, Hemiholostichidae nov. fam.) |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovi?ova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia;2. Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;1. Laboratorio de Protozoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Ext. s/núm. Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico;2. Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;1. Laboratory of Protozoological Biodiversity and Evolution in Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China;2. Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;3. Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;1. Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea;2. Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, South Korea;3. Department of Biological Resources Research, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, South Korea;4. Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea;1. The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China;2. Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Youyi Xilu 127, 710072 Xi’an, China;1. Laboratory of Protozoological Biodiversity and Evolution in Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119, China;2. Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Youyi Xilu 127, 710072, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China;1. Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2. Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4. Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China |
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| Abstract: | The morphology and ontogenesis of two new hypotrich ciliates, Hemiholosticha solitaria and Hemiholosticha germanica, were studied using live observation, protargol impregnation, and scanning electron microscopy. Both species share a medium-sized, almost globular body with a short anterior projection; two macronuclear nodules with a single micronucleus in between; a central contractile vacuole; three or four ventral, one postoral, one right and one left marginal cirral row; and three dorsal kineties extending along ribs. However, H. germanica is distinguished from congeners by a higher number of cirri in ventral rows R1 and R2 (3–6 vs. 2 cirri in each row). Hemiholosticha solitaria differs from congeners by having four (vs. three) ventral cirral rows and by the lack (vs. presence) of intracellular green algae. The ontogenesis of H. solitaria follows the H. pantanalensis mode in that (i) the oral primordium develops in a deep pouch and generates the first two cirral streaks in addition to adoral membranelles and undulating membranes, (ii) the undulating membrane anlage does not produce any cirri, and (iii) the longitudinal ventral cirral row R3 originates from two anlagen. The ontogenetic peculiarities along with the 18S rRNA gene phylogenies suggest classification of Hemiholosticha, Psilotrichides, and Urospinula into a new family, Hemiholostichidae. |
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| Keywords: | Hemiholostichidae nov fam Intracellular green algae Pantanal Wetland |
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