Effectiveness of eight-week zinc supplementation on vitamin D3 status and leptin levels in a population of postmenopausal women: a double-blind randomized trial |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain;2. Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007, Huelva, Spain;1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq;2. ICP-MS Facility, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK;1. Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 11, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria;2. Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria;3. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Panepistimiopolis, 15784, Athens, Greece;1. Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;2. Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China;3. Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK;1. Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa;2. Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, The Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria;3. Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa;4. Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwara State University, PMB 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria;1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University PMB, 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria;2. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University PMB, 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria;3. Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University PMB, 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria;4. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University PMB, 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria;5. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University PMB, 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria;6. Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University PMB, 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe menopausal period is characterized by hormonal imbalance related to the alteration of parameters involved in lipid metabolism. In addition, menopause increases the risk of deficiencies of key vitamins and minerals such as vitamin D and zinc in such women. The present study investigates the influence of zinc supplementation on the status of vitamin D3 and other lipid parameters in postmenopausal women.MethodsFifty-one healthy postmenopausal women aged 44–76 years from the province of Granada (Spain) were divided into two groups (placebo and zinc) of 25 and 26 women, respectively. The zinc group was supplemented with 50 mg/day of zinc for 8 weeks. Nutrient intake assessment was performed by means of a 24 -h reminder. Zinc was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Vitamin D was analyzed by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Leptin was determined by enzyme immunoassay.ResultsZinc supplementation improved the initial vitamin D3 status of the postmenopausal population (p = 0.049). Plasma levels of 25?OH-D3 increased significantly after Zn supplementation in women with lower age at menopause (p = 0.045). Both intake and plasma zinc levels were inversely correlated to serum leptin levels (p = 0.044 and p = 0.033, respectively), being significantly lower in lower age at menopause (p < 0.001).ConclusionZinc supplementation improved vitamin D3 status and was associated to low leptin levels in the postmenopausal women of the study. |
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| Keywords: | Zinc Leptin Liquid chromatography - tandem?mass spectrometry Menopause |
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