Characterization of a new cosmopolitan genus of trypanosomatid parasites,Obscuromonas gen. nov. (Blastocrithidiinae subfam. nov.) |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, ?eské Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic;2. Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, ?eské Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic;3. Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic;4. Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia;5. Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic;1. Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, ?eské Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic;2. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia;3. Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic;4. Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, ?eské Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic;5. Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, ?eské Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic;1. Life Science Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czechia;2. Biology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 ?eské Budějovice, Czechia;3. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czechia;4. Biology Centre, Institute of Entomology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 ?eské Budějovice, Czechia;5. New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Madang, Papua New Guinea;6. University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Sciences, 370 05 ?eské Budějovice, Czechia;7. Department of Entomology, National Museum, 193 00 Prague, Czechia;8. Institute of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czechia;9. Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia;10. Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia;1. Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea;2. Natural Science Research Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea;3. Department of Zoology, Al Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt;4. Department of Ecology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam;5. International Center for Marine Biodiversity, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon-gun, 33662, South Korea;6. Marine Bio-Resources Research Unit, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan Metropolitan City, 49111, South Korea;7. Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea;1. Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia;2. Life Science Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic;3. Biology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brani?ovská 31, 370 05 ?eské Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic;1. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Pr?myslová 595, 252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic;2. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vini?ná 7, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic;1. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vini?ná 7, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic;2. Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic |
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| Abstract: | The expanding phylogenetic tree of trypanosomatid flagellates (Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatidae) contains a long-known and phylogenetically well-supported species-rich lineage that was provisionally named as the ‘jaculum’ clade. Its members were found in representatives of several unrelated families of heteropteran bugs captured in South and Central America, Europe, Africa, and Asia. However, this group resisted introduction into the culture, a needed prerequisite for its proper characterization. Here we describe four new cultivable species, which parasitize various parts of their hosts’ intestine, including the thoracic and abdominal part of the midgut, hindgut, and Malpighian tubules. Morphologically, the cultured flagellates vary from relatively short stumpy promastigotes to long slender leptomonad cells. Some species form straphangers (cyst-like amastigotes) both in vivo and in vitro, initially attached to the basal part of the flagellum of the mother cell, from which they subsequently detach. To formally classify this enigmatic monophyletic cosmopolitan clade, we erected Obscuromonas gen. nov., including five species: O. modryi sp. nov. (isolated from the true bug host species Riptortus linearis captured in the Philippines), O. volfi sp. nov. (from Catorhintha selector, Curaçao), O. eliasi sp. nov. (from Graptostethus servus, Papua New Guinea), O. oborniki sp. nov. (from Aspilocoryphus unimaculatus, Madagascar), and O. jaculum comb. nov. (from Nepa cinerea, France). Obscuromonas along with the genus Blastocrithidia belongs to the newly established Blastocrithidiinae subfam. nov. |
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| Keywords: | Biodiversity Cyst-forming trypanosomatids Monoxenous kientoplastids Parasites Phylogeny Ultrastructure |
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