试论生态分类系统在我国数字林业建设中的应用

我国传统森林区划中，二类小班和三类小班两类小班体系同时存在，二者在空间上不一致；即使是同一小班体系，先后两次调查结果也不相同,不利于应用数字技术制定长期的森林管理计划.本文以辽宁东部山区为例，建立生态分类系统(ecological classification system, ECS)，共得到5类生态土地类型(ecological land type, ELT)，34类生态土地类型相(ecological land type phase, ELTP).以ELTP作为固定小班，设计了一致性森林资源调查方法，解决了我国数字林业建设中的基础技术问题.以生态分类系统和空间信息技术为依托的生态系统管理方法，加上计算机模型和辅助决策界面的支持，构成了数字林业的基本框架.

Application of ecological classification system in China's digital forestry

In China's conventional forest management system,there are two types of sub-compartment,i.e.,the 2nd-and 3rd-level sub-compartments,which are concurrent but inconsistent in size and boundary locations.Even in the same type of sub-compartments,the inconsistency still existed at different time,which is unbeneficial to the long-term forest management planning by using digital technologies.With the mountainous region in eastern Liaoning Province as a case,this paper established an ecological classification system(ECS),which contained 5 ecological land types(ELTs) and 34 ecological land type phases(ELTPs).Based on the basic technical needs of China's digital forestry,the ELTPs could be used as a fixed sub-compartment system.A compatible forest inventory system was designed then.It was concluded that ecosystem management based on ECS and geospatial information technologies combined with computer models and decision-support systems would be the important component of digital forestry.