Influence of culture conditions on embryo formation and maturation in auxin-induced embryogenic cultures of Digitalis obscura

Somatic embryogenesis was induced in hypocotyls of Digitalis obscura using indoleacetic acid or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid with different culture and subculture conditions. Indoleacetic acid-induced embryogenic cultures were used to investigate the effects of amino acids, polyamines and growth regulators on embryo differentiation and maturation. Supplementation of the media with amino acids, polyamines or abscisic acid did not influence or had an adverse effect on embryogenic response. Gibberellic acid at 1.4 M in either culture (30 days) or subculture medium was effective in promoting both differentiation and normal embryo development. The efficiency of somatic embryogenesis was greatly enhanced when isolated indoleacetic acid-induced proembryogenic masses were subcultured in liquid medium with reduced auxin content.Abbreviations ABA abscisic acid - 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - GA gibberellic acid - IAA indoleacetic acid - Ptr putrescine - Spd spermidine - Spn spermine