A novel ether-linked phytol-containing digalactosylglycerolipid in the marine green alga, Ulva pertusa |
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Authors: | Yohei Ishibashi Yusuke Nagamatsu Tomofumi Miyamoto Naoyuki Matsunaga Nozomu Okino Kuniko Yamaguchi Makoto Ito |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan;2. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan |
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Abstract: | Galactosylglycerolipids (GGLs) and chlorophyll are characteristic components of chloroplast in photosynthetic organisms. Although chlorophyll is anchored to the thylakoid membrane by phytol (tetramethylhexadecenol), this isoprenoid alcohol has never been found as a constituent of GGLs. We here described a novel GGL, in which phytol was linked to the glycerol backbone via an ether linkage. This unique GGL was identified as an Alkaline-resistant and Endogalactosylceramidase (EGALC)-sensitive GlycoLipid (AEGL) in the marine green alga, Ulva pertusa. EGALC is an enzyme that is specific to the R-Galα/β1-6Galβ1-structure of galactolipids. The structure of U. pertusa AEGL was determined following its purification to 1-O-phytyl-3-O-Galα1-6Galβ1-sn-glycerol by mass spectrometric and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. AEGLs were ubiquitously distributed in not only green, but also red and brown marine algae; however, they were rarely detected in terrestrial plants, eukaryotic phytoplankton, or cyanobacteria. |
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Keywords: | AEGL alkaline-resistant and EGALC-sensitive glycolipid Cer ceramide DGDG digalactosyldiacylglycerol EGALC endogalactosylceramidase Gal galactose GGL galactosylglycerolipid GSL glycosphingolipid MGDG monogalactosyldiacylglycerol NBD 7-nitro-2 1 3-benzoxadiazole OPA o-phtalaldehyde SCDase sphingolipid ceramide N-deacylase |
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