Patterns of genetic variation in the Chinese endemic Psilopeganum sinense (Rutaceae) as revealed by nuclear microsatellites and chloroplast microsatellites |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, B.C. Road, Kolkata 700019, India;2. Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China;3. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Earth, Planetary, Space and Astronomical Research, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK;1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India;2. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India;1. CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Social and Economic Sciences Program, Black Mountain Laboratories, Acton 2601 ACT, Australia;2. Griffith University, Environmental Futures Research Institute, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan 4111 Qld, Australia;3. Australian National University, School of Sociology, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia;4. Institute of Social Ecology, Vienna, Alpen Adria Universitaet Klagefurt-Wien-Graz, Vienna, Austria;5. Charles University Environment Center, U Krize 8, 158 00, Prague 5, Jinonice, Czech Republic;1. School of SexologyDepartment of ClinicalApplied and Biotechnological SciencesUniversity of L''AquilaL''AquilaItaly;2. Laboratory of BiologyScuola Normale Superiore di PisaPisaItaly;3. Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly;4. EndocrinologyAndrology and Medical SexologyDepartment of Systems MedicineTor Vergata University of RomeRomeItaly |
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| Abstract: | Psilopeganum sinense is a perennial herb endemic to Three-Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) in China. Genetic diversity of this endangered species was assessed by using 11 nuclear microsatellites and three chloroplast microsatellite (cpSSR) markers. A total of 8 haplotypes were identified in a survey of 212 individuals sampled from nine populations encompassing most of the natural range of the species. A low level of genetic diversity was detected: HE = 0.301 for SSR and HE = 0.28 for cpSSR. Populations were highly differentiated from one another: an AMOVA analysis that showed that 56.3% and 68.2% genetic variation resided between populations based on SSR and cpSSR analysis, respectively, and FST and FSTc (0.467 for SSR and 0.644 for cpSSR, respectively) were high. Significant differences were found between estimates of haplotypic differentiation calculated by using unordered alleles (GSTc = 0.857) and ordered alleles (NSTc = 0.728), which indicated the existence of phylogeographical structure in P. sinense. The indirect ratio of pollen flow/seed flow derived from estimates of haplotypic and nuclear DNA differentiation indicated that gene flow via pollen is less efficient than via seed. Two distinct evolutionary lineages (evolutionary significant units, ESUs) were recognized for P. sinense on the basis of both the PCoA and NCA analysis. Sampling strategies for conserving this endangered plant were discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Microsatellites Chloroplast microsatellites Genetic diversity Gene flow ESU |
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