两类二角山羊草细胞质小麦雄性不育系的细胞学研究

对具有二角山羊草(Aegilops bicornis)细胞质的同质异核1BL／1RS型小麦雄性不育系ms(Ae．bicornis)-5-1和非1BL／1RS不育系ms(Ae．bicornis)一V9125进行了花药发育细胞学分析。幼穗染色体制片显示，1BL／1RS不育系ms(Ae．bicornis)-5—1减数分裂正常，非1BL／1RS不育系ms(Ae．bicornis)-V9125减数分裂期染色体排列不整齐，出现不正常的四分体和含微核的小孢子。花药发育的细胞学观察表明，1BL／1RS不育系ms(Ae．bicornis)-5—1表现为染败，花药各壁层的发育是正常的；BC3代的非1BL／1RS不育系ms(Ae．bicornis)-V9125表现为园败，且发生了药室合并现象，从细胞学角度证明了二角型小麦不育系存在两个核质互作不育系统。

Study on cytology of two male sterile wheats with Aegilops bicornis cytoplasm

1BL/1RS male sterile wheat ms(Ae.bicornis)-5-1 and non-1BL/1RS male sterile wheat ms(Ae.bicornis)-V9125 with Aegilops bicornis cytoplasm was studied by microsporogenesis cytological observation. Meiosis showed that two CMS were deferent, the PMC of ms(Ae.bicornis)-5-1 was normal, but ms(Ae.bicornis)-V9125 had high frequency of univalent, lagging chromosomes and micronuclei in tetrad in PMC. The pollen cytological observation found that the microsporogenesis of CMS line ms(Ae.bicornis)-5-1 was normal in staining abortion, and the microsporogenesis of CMS line ms(Ae.bicornis)-V9125 was spherical abortion with abnormal locules fusion. It was demonstrated that there were two male sterile systems when Aegilops bicornis cytoplasm mutually affected 1BL/1RS wheat and non-1BL/1RS wheat.