盐池县土地利用自然生态位变化及其对景观格局的影响

以盐池县为研究区, 尝试将土地利用自然生态位的理论和方法引入到景观生态学当中, 为研究景观格局提供了新的思路。结果表明: (1)不同景观要素自然生态位的动态变化不同, 耕地、草地、未利用地的自然生态位呈现下降的趋势, 而林地和水域的自然生态位不断上升。(2)整体景观更加具有多样性、破碎性和离散性。(3)相关性分析表明, 土地利用自然生态位与景观要素面积及其变化率都呈显著正相关, 体现土地利用自然生态位的时间效应对景观要素类型时空演变的影响程度。(4)土地利用自然生态位与形状指数和斑块内聚力指数具有正相关性, 与最大斑块指数和斑块类型占景观面积的比例具有强正相关性。总的来说, 土地利用自然生态位与景观要素类型的关系极其密切, 是区域景观格局变化的重要因素。

The change of natural niche of land use and its influence on landscape pattern of Yanchi County

Taking Yanchi County as the research area,we attempted to introduce the theory of natural niche of land use into landscape ecology,which provided a new idea for studying landscape pattern.The results showed that:(1)The dynamic changes of natural niche of different landscape element were different.The natural niche of arable land,grassland and unused land showed a downward trend,while the natural niches of woodland and water body were on the rise.(2)The whole landscape was more diversified,fragmented and discretized.(3)Correlation analysis showed that the natural niche of land use was significantly and positively related with the area of landscape elements and the rate of change,which reflected the influence degree of the time effect of natural niche of land use on the spatial–temporal evolution of landscape elements.(4)The natural niche of land use was positively correlated with landscape shape index(LSI)and patch cohesion index(COHESION),and had a strongly positive correlation with largest patch index(LPI)and the proportion of patch type in landscape area(PLAND).In general,the relationship between natural niche of land use and the type of landscape elements was close extremely,and natural niche of land use was an important factor for the change of regional landscape pattern.